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NASA’s Juno Mission, designed to probe Jupiter’s deep interior and unlock the origin of the solar system, will arrive at the planet on July 4th.

Stay up late with Boise State Physics to celebrate on July 4th 10p-12a on the Brady Street Garage. Come watch the fireworks and stay to view Jupiter, Saturn, and Mars.

Free public parking will be provided by Boise State University in the Brady Garage (accessible from Brady Street).

Information at bit.ly/BSUJupiterEvent or from Brian Jackson (bjackson@boisestate.edu).

IMG_4302The kind folks at the Boise WaterShed Environmental Education Center invited me to speak with their visitors today. It was a wonderful crowd of young children and their parents.

As always the kids asked the best, most challenging questions, such as “Why do the planets go around the Sun?” and “What would happen if the Moon fell to the Earth?“.

I did my best to answer their questions and also gave them a tour of the night sky using the sky simulator stellarium.

 

Among the displays at the education center was a tray full of sand. As you dragged your hand through the sand, a computer projected topographic contours onto the sand that were updated in real-time to show how water would flow. Apparently, this set-up is called an “Augmented Reality Sandbox“. The video above shows how it works.

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51+mQ-ZXBcLUntil very recently, I didn’t think I had a real interest in history. I don’t remember my high school history classes too fondly, and most of the history books I’ve read are about the history of science.

That really changed after I read Goodwin’s Team of Rivals on Lincoln’s life. She painted such a detailed and lively portrait of Lincoln and his world that it read more like a movie script than a textbook.

The Bully Pulpit was the same for me. The few times I’ve encountered documentaries of Theodore Roosevelt, he certainly seemed a compelling character, but this was the first book I’ve ever read about his life.

It was also the first time I ever read about journalism in the Progressive Era, and although I’d heard the term “muckrackers” before, I had no idea it originated with Theodore Roosevelt.

I also had no idea that the Philippines was once controlled by the United States or that William Howard Taft was the first governor.

Goodwin explores Roosevelt’s and Taft’s youths and the development of their deep friendship as they embarked on their political careers in Washington DC. She follows the intertwined ascent of both men into the presidency and the subsequent presidential campaign which dissolved their friendship, paining both men and the American people. Finally, she recounts the heart-warming scene of their reconciliation in the lobby of a hotel not too long before Roosevelt’s death, a reunion that drew applause from the gathered crowd and helped heal the nation.

Only two things I found a bit wanting in the story:

(1) Goodwin doesn’t discuss in much detail what both men did legislatively during their presidencies. Instead, she focused on a handful of specific bills and executive actions, such Roosevelt’s use of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act to break up large, market-manipulating trusts, although I suppose such a discussion could easily devolve into mind-numbing details.

(2) I also wasn’t completely clear on why or when Roosevelt turned against Taft. To be sure, Goodwin describes the scandals that probably soured the relationship (e.g., the Pinchot-Ballinger Controversy). But given how close the two men were before and how loyal Roosevelt was to other friends, it wasn’t clear to me why such controversies made Roosevelt so hostile toward Taft. Goodwin never really pinpoints a time when the relationship turned. Given how central that change is to the story, it would have been nice to know more about it. Since Roosevelt seemed convinced of his own indispensability to the Progressive movement, maybe he would have been dissatisfied with anyone else as president, no matter what he did.

But, on balance, this book is really a fascinating read, even to a non-history-buff.

We had a tremendous event at Boise State this evening, more than 150 folks attended.

IMG_4040Our guest speaker, Dr. Josh Bandfield, gave a great talk about the latest results from Mars.

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And finally Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn put on an amazing show for us.

IMG_4056We got some great press, including from KIVI-TV.

Thanks to my volunteers and to the facilities folks who turned off the lights for us.

 

Artist's conception of tidal disruption of a gas giant planet.

Artist’s conception of tidal disruption of a gas giant planet.

In the last few decades, astronomers have discovered thousands of extrasolar planets, and there seems to be, on average, one planet for every star in the galaxy. Some of the planets are like those in our solar system, but many are not.

In fact, there’s a huge number of gas giant planets, like Jupiter, but on such short-period orbits they are nearly skimming the surfaces of their stars. These hot Jupiters are actually so close to their host stars, they are in danger of being torn apart by the stars’ gravity.

In a study just accepted for publication, my research group investigated what happens to a giant planet when it is ripped apart. We found that, over a few billion years, these planets can lose their entire atmospheres, leaving behind the little rocky core deep in the planet’s interior.

It also turns out that, as the planets lose their atmospheres, they can also get pushed out away from the star, and our study found that how much the planet gets pushed out depends pretty sensitively on the size of the rocky core.

That’s pretty neat because it means we can compare the masses and orbits of known rocky exoplanets to what we would expect if those little planets were actually the fossil cores of bigger gas giants that had their atmospheres ripped off.

The figure below shows how the current orbital periods of known planets P compares to what we’d expect if they were fossil cores, P_(Roche, max). In some cases, there’s a decent match, but in lots of cases, there’s not. So we’ve still got some work to do.

Wanted to share a fascinating blog post from one of my favorite science journalists Robert Krulwich about how good trees are at removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere — “The Earth has Lungs. Watch Them Breathe.”

The post includes this impressive video from NASA, showing the annual cycle over which trees in the northern hemisphere scrub out CO2 from the atmosphere.

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Mars will soon make its closest approach to Earth in over a decade, and Boise State’s Physics Dept will host an astronomical viewing party to celebrate on Tuesday, May 31 from 8:30p till 11p.

The event will kick off in the Multi-Purpose Classroom Building, room 101 on Boise State’s campus with a public talk on the latest science of the red planet from local planetary scientist Dr. Josh Bandfield of the Space Science Institute.

Then at 9:30p the event will move to the Boise State quad, where telescopes will be set up to view Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn.

Contact Prof. Brian Jackson (bjackson@boisestate.edu — @decaelus) with questions.

Event poster available here.

Mercury transit about 10:42 MDT.

Mercury transit about 10:42 MDT.

Beautiful transit yesterday. In spite of early forecasts showing clouds, we had a sunny (if windy) morning, nearly perfect for transit viewing.

We had more than 200 visitors to our transit event on campus, including more than 50 elementary school students from the nearby town of Nampa.

IMG_3863We also had a local television news crew there from KTVB and Frankie Barnhill and Adam Cotterell of the local NPR station, KBSX.